Organic Chemistry Of Condensation polymerization (Nylon, Terylene) Define terms Give 2 WAEC thereory and 5 WAEC objective questions Provide answers and a solutions after each question Turn everything to code for blogger.com
Condensation Polymerization (Nylon and Terylene)
Definition of Terms
WAEC Theory Questions & Solutions
(a) State two differences between addition polymerization and condensation polymerization.
(b) Name the two monomers used in the preparation of Nylon-6,6 and state the type of linkage that binds them together.
Answer:
(a) Differences:
| Addition Polymerization | Condensation Polymerization |
|---|---|
| Monomers must be unsaturated (contain double or triple bonds). | Monomers must be bifunctional or polyfunctional (contain functional groups like $-OH, -COOH, -NH_2$). |
| No by-product is formed; only the polymer is produced. | A small molecular by-product (like $H_2O$ or $HCl$) is eliminated. |
(b) Monomers of Nylon-6,6: Hexanedioic acid (adipic acid) and Hexane-1,6-diamine.
Type of linkage: Amide linkage (or peptide linkage).
Solution/Explanation:
Nylon-6,6 gets its name because both of its starting monomers contain exactly 6 carbon atoms. When the carboxylic acid group ($-COOH$) reacts with the amine group ($-NH_2$), a molecule of water is dropped, leaving behind a stable amide link ($-\text{C}=\text{O}-\text{NH}-$).
(a) Terylene is classified as a polyester. Explain why.
(b) Give the structural formula of the repeating unit in Terylene.
Answer:
(a) Terylene is called a polyester because the repeating chemical bonds holding its monomer units together are ester linkages ($-CO-O-$), formed by reacting an alkanol group with an alkanoic acid group.
(b) Structural Formula of Terylene repeating unit:
[-O-CH₂-CH₂-O-CO-C₆H₄-CO-]ₙ
Solution/Explanation:
During the formation of Terylene, ethane-1,2-diol ($HO-CH_2-CH_2-OH$) loses $H^+$ atoms from its alcohol ends, and benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid ($HOOC-C_6H_4-COOH$) loses $-OH$ groups from its acid ends. They bond together at the site of elimination to create an ester connection chain.
WAEC Objective Questions & Solutions
Which of the following pairs of monomers can undergo condensation polymerization?
Correct Answer: B
Solution: Condensation polymerization requires bifunctional monomers. Ethane-1,2-diol has two alcohol groups, and benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid has two acid groups. Option A and D undergo addition polymerization, while Option C forms a simple ester molecule, not a polymer chain.
A distinguishing feature of condensation polymers is that during their formation:
Correct Answer: C
Solution: By definition, condensation processes always yield the major macromolecule along with the splitting out of minor molecules like $H_2O$, $HCl$, or $NH_3$.
The amide linkage in Nylon-6,6 is represented by which of the following groups?
Which of the following substances is a natural polymer that mimics the structural linkage setup found in Nylon?
Correct Answer: B
Solution: Proteins are natural polyamides made from amino acid monomers linked together by peptide bonds. A peptide bond is chemically identical to the amide linkage found in synthetic Nylon.
The monomers for Terylene production are ethane-1,2-diol and benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid. Terylene is commercially categorized as a:
Correct Answer: C
Solution: Because the chemical combination forms regular repeating ester links between the diol and dicarboxylic acid monomers, Terylene falls under the class of polyesters.
Comments
Post a Comment